The default COBRA continuation period for a spouse or dependent is 18 months. Under what condition can it extend to 36 months?

• A. If the employer elects COBRA
• B. If a second qualifying event occurs during the initial 18 months
• C. If the beneficiary reaches 65
• D. If they enroll in Medicare

Answer: (B)

The extension to 36 months happens when a second qualifying event occurs during the first 18 months of COBRA. Once such an event happens, the spouse or dependent can continue coverage up to 36 months in total from the start of COBRA, rather than just 18. Common examples of a second qualifying event include the death of the covered employee, divorce or legal separation, or the employee becoming entitled to Medicare. These events trigger the longer continuation; simply having the employer elect COBRA, turning 65, or enrolling in Medicare on its own does not by itself create the 36-month extension.